Due to the capability of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to be redifferentiated into specific cell types, tissues, and organs; when combined with gene editing technology, iPSCs can be used to explore the mechanisms of disease onset in order to develop new and effective drugs and cell therapies. Cyagen offers a one-stop in vitro service platform for iPSCs, featuring advanced cell reprogramming, genetic engineering, and cellular differentiation technologies. By integrating our one-stop phenotypic analysis platform, we can provide in vitro model development and testing services for iPSCs across various disease applications.
Type | Project | Delivery Standard | Quality Controls (QCs) | Turnaround |
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Reprogramming | iPSC Reprogramming Technology Service | One iPSC clone, each clone provides two vials of cryopreserved cells (1x10^6 cells/vial), with an experimental report | Flow cytometry for SSEA4/TRA-1-81, immunofluorescence for OCT4/NANOG, karyotype analysis, microbial testing, STR, in vitro trilineage differentiation (optional), teratoma formation (optional), exogenous residue testing | Starting from 12 weeks |
Gene Edited Cell Lines (iPSCs) | Knockout (KO) | 1 monoclonal heterozygous cell line, 2 tubes (10^6/tube), experiment report | PCR and sequencing, immunofluorescence | Starting from 8 weeks |
Point mutation (PM) | Starting from 12 weeks | |||
Knock-in (KI) | Starting from 12 weeks | |||
Transfected Stable Cell Lines (iPSC) | Transfection stable Knockdown expression Stable overexpression strain |
Transfected stable cell lines, 2 tubes/strain (10^6/tube), including control cell lines, experiment report | qPCR, immunofluorescence | Cell pool: 9-11 weeks; Monoclonal: 13-15 weeks Cell pool: 8-10 weeks + gene synthesis; Monoclonal: 12-14 weeks + gene synthesis |
Directed Differentiation | Motor Neuron Differentiation | Motor neuron precursor cells and mature motor neuron differentiation kit for 10^7 cells | Immunofluorescence (MNP Oligo2/MNs CHAT) | Starting from 6 weeks |
CD34+ Differentiation | Two vials of cryopreserved cells (1x10^6 cells/vial) | qPCR, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence | Starting from 3 weeks | |
NPC (Neural Progenitor Cell) Differentiation | Two vials of cryopreserved cells (1x10^6 cells/vial) | Immunofluorescence (SOX2/PAX6/Nestin) | Starting from 2 weeks | |
RPE (Retinal Pigment Epithelium) Differentiation | RPE precursor cells and mature RPE differentiation kit for 10^7 cells | Immunofluorescence (Transcription factor MiTF/mature RPE ZO-1) | Starting from 5 weeks | |
Liver Organoid Differentiation | One vial of cryopreserved liver organoids (1 set - 10 units) | qPCR, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence | Starting from 8 weeks |
Technical Challenges | Cyagen’s solutions |
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Reprogramming: Early methods depended on retroviruses and lentiviral vectors, among others, but there was a risk of transgenes being reactivated due to viral genome integration. | Reprogramming with episomal vectors (additive plasmids) is used to transcribe and express pluripotent stem cell genes while producing non-integrated human iPS cells. This method has a higher safety factor than using viral vectors with genomic integration. Cyagen has improved upon all nearly all aspects of iPSC reprogramming: the upgraded delivery vector provides up to 50% HDR efficiency, over 50% transfection efficiency, transfection viability more than 80%, and RNP delivery achieving up to 90% KO efficiency. |
Cell Culture: Harsh culture conditions can lead to cells losing pluripotency and differentiating during the editing process. | With 18 years of experience in stem cell culture, Cyagen has developed an advanced iPSC editing and culture system with which we can cultivate ideal iPSC colonies: compact interior, uniform size, and clear edges. |
iPSC Genetic Editing: Large genetic differences between iPSCs from different individuals and tissue sources, and the high level of difficulty in performing precise genetic modifications. | Cyagen’s genetic editing platform has been developed to provide the following advantages for iPSC research project success: 1. Intelligent Smart-CRISPR™ cell gene editing system: Can scientifically design high-efficiency, low-off-target gRNA. 2. Proprietary α-donor vector HDR system: HDR efficiency up to 50%, significantly higher than market editing efficiencies, enabling footprint-free repairs. 3. Appropriate transfection conditions: By optimizing transfection conditions, transfection efficiency >50%, with viability up to 80%. 4. RNP delivery system: Chooses RNP delivery to enhance gRNA cleavage efficiency and transfection cell viability, reducing off-target rates, with KO efficiency up to 90%. |
Monoclonal Formation: Complicated preparation of stable monoclonal iPSC culture and low cloning rates. | With our unique single-cell screening technology, the monoclonal formation rate can reach over 30%, and enough positive clones can be obtained through one round of screening. |
Directed Differentiation: There are differences in differentiation capacity and proliferation rate among iPSC cell lines from different sources. | By prioritizing the selection of iPSCs that are more compatible with the target differentiated cell type and optimizing the culture medium and additives, their specificity and efficiency of differentiation are greatly enhanced, effectively reducing the proportion of immature or undifferentiated cells. |
Cyagen possesses advanced somatic cell reprogramming technology, capable of reprogramming somatic cell samples collected from blood to produce non-integrating human iPSCs.
iPSC Reprogramming Service Process
iPSC Reprogramming Service
Type | Project | Method | Content |
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Establishment of iPSC Lines from Somatic Cells | Reprogramming | Episomal Plasmid | Establishment of iPSC Lines from Peripheral Blood |
iPSC Characterization | iPSC Marker Detection | Immunofluorescence | Ratio of Positive Markers OCT-4/NANOG |
Flow Cytometry | Ratio of Positive Markers SSEA-4/TRA-1-60 | ||
Self-Renewal Capacity | AP Staining | iPSC Pluripotency Test | |
Genomic Stability | Chromosome Analysis | Karyotyping | |
Cell Source Identification | STR Profiling Test | Verification of Homology with the Starting Cells | |
Differentiation Potential | Tri-lineage Differentiation Teratoma Formation Assay of iPSC In Vivo Differentiation Capacity | In Vitro Differentiation Capacity Verification In Vivo Differentiation Capacity Verification | |
No Exogenous Gene Integration | PCR | Vector Sequence PCR Detection |
iPSC Detection and Functional Identification
⮚ Cell Morphology
⮚ Karyotyping
⮚ STR Profiling
⮚ Cell-Specific Markers
⮚ Flow Cytometry Analysis
⮚ In Vitro Tri-lineage Differentiation
⮚ Teratoma Formation Assay
iPSC Reprogramming Service Advantages
When combined with gene editing techniques, iPSCs can be used to explore the mechanisms of disease, and develop effective new drugs and cell therapies. Cyagen’s iPSC disease model research platform has mature gene editing technologies and stem cell culture systems; it has overcome many difficulties related to iPSC cultivation, genetic modification, and monoclonalization needed for modern translational and regenerative medicine research. Our proprietary process has improved upon all nearly all aspects of custom iPSC modeling: upgraded delivery vector provides up to 50% HDR efficiency, over 50% transfection efficiency, transfection viability more than 80%, and RNP delivery achieving up to 90% KO efficiency.
Our process is empowered by powerful AI algorithms, including the the RNA splicing model tool developed with support from the Rare Disease Data Center (RDDC), which can assist in screening WB-negative clones. Additionally, the Smart-CRISPR™ cell gene editing system enables rapid design of gene knockout and other strategies, yielding an editing efficiency as high as 90%.
iPSC Gene Editing Technology Process
iPSC Gene Editing Services
Type | Project | Delivery Standard | Quality Controls (QCs) | Turnaround |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gene Edited Cell Lines (iPSCs) | Knockout (KO) | 1 monoclonal heterozygous cell line, 2 tubes (10^6/tube), experiment report | PCR and sequencing, immunofluorescence | From 8 weeks |
Point mutation (PM) | From 12 weeks | |||
Knock-in (KI) | From 12 weeks | |||
Transfected Stable Cell Lines (iPSCs) | Transfection stable Knockdown expression | Transfected stable cell lines, 2 tubes/strain (10^6/tube), including control cell lines, experiment report | qPCR, immunofluorescence | Cell pool: 9-11 weeks; Monoclonal: 13-15 weeks |
Stable overexpression strain | Cell pool: 8-10 weeks + gene synthesis; Monoclonal: 12-14 weeks + gene synthesis |
iPSC Gene Editing Service Case Study: EGFP Knock-in AAVS1 Cell Line Model
Using gene editing technology, the EGFP gene was knocked into the AAVS1 locus in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). As shown in the diagram, sgRNA and donor were transfected into iPSCs via the RNP method, and the EGFP sequence was inserted into the AAVS1 locus through the HDR pathway.
Figure 1. Design of EGFP Knock-in Strategy
PCR and sequencing identification was used to confirm that a homozygous iPSC cell line with EGFP knocked into the AAVS1 locus was obtained, with 100% EGFP expression observed under fluorescence microscopy. Chromosomal karyotyping analysis conducted using G-banding after cell culture showed a normal chromosome count of 46 with no obvious structural abnormalities. Immunofluorescence staining for the three pluripotent markers NANOG, OCT4, and SOX2 detected positive signals, indicating the pluripotency (stemness) of the knocked-in cells.
Figure 2. Gel Electrophoresis Identification Results of iPSC-EGFP Knock-in
Note: The primer design strategy aimed to amplify partial sequences upstream and downstream of the entire EGFP and its genomic location. The band without inserted EGFP was 762bp, while the band with successfully inserted EGFP was observed at 3194bp. The results indicate that in four monoclonal lines, bands appeared at 3194bp, indicating successful insertion of EGFP and homozygous clones.
Figure 3. Sequencing Results of iPSC-EGFP Knock-in
Figure 4. Fluorescence Image of iPSC-EGFP Knock-in Homozygous Clone (EGFP Expressed in 100% of iPSC Homozygous Clones)
Figure 5. Karyotype Analysis of iPSC-EGFP Knock-in (Chromosomal Karyotyping Analysis conducted using G-banding after cell culture, showing a normal chromosome count of 46 with no obvious structural abnormalities)
Figure 6. iPSC-EGFP Immunofluorescence - Pluripotency Detection: Immunofluorescence staining conducted for the pluripotent markers NANOG, OCT4, and SOX2 detected positive signals, indicating the pluripotency of the knocked-in cells.
Advantages of Our iPSC Gene Editing Services
Directed differentiation refers to guiding iPSCs through specific experimental conditions and cell culture systems to transform them into specific types of somatic cells, such as neurons, cardiomyocytes, hepatocytes, etc. Cyagen can provide a variety of disease model development and drug screening capabilities, offering high-quality iPSC model services to researchers.
iPSC Directed Differentiation Services
Project | Delivery Standard | Quality Controls (QCs) | Turnaround |
---|---|---|---|
Motor Neuron Differentiation | Motor neuron precursor cells and mature motor neuron differentiation kit for 10^7 cells | Immunofluorescence (MNP Oligo2/MNs CHAT) | From 6 weeks |
CD34+ Differentiation | Two vials of cryopreserved cells (1x10^6 cells/vial) | qPCR, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence | From 3 weeks |
NPC (Neural Progenitor Cell) Differentiation | Two vials of cryopreserved cells (1x10^6 cells/vial) | Immunofluorescence (SOX2/PAX6/Nestin) | From 2 weeks |
RPE (Retinal Pigment Epithelium) Differentiation | RPE precursor cells and mature RPE differentiation kit for 10^7 cells | Immunofluorescence (Transcription factor MiTF/mature RPE ZO-1) | From 5 weeks |
Liver Organoid Differentiation | One vial of cryopreserved liver organoids (1 set - 10 units) | qPCR, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence | From 8 weeks |
iPSC Directed Differentiation Service Case Study: iPSC Model Differentiation Capacity
Neural Progenitor Cell (NPC) Differentiation - Neural Disease and Drug Models
Motor Neuron (MN) Differentiation - Neurological Diseases such as ALS and Drug Models
Hematopoietic Stem Cell (CD34+) Differentiation - Can be used for differentiation into hematopoietic lineage cells such as NK cells, T cells, etc.